{"id":5903,"date":"2020-02-12T11:28:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-12T08:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/?p=5903"},"modified":"2020-02-19T12:22:13","modified_gmt":"2020-02-19T09:22:13","slug":"e-posta-protokolleri-terminolojisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/2020\/02\/12\/e-posta-protokolleri-terminolojisi\/","title":{"rendered":"E-Posta Protokolleri, Terminolojisi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

E-posta g\u00f6ndermek ve almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan birka\u00e7 protokol vard\u0131r. \u0130stemci taraf\u0131nda hangi e-posta program\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa kullan\u0131ls\u0131n ancak bu protokoller vas\u0131tas\u0131yla e-posta al\u0131n\u0131p g\u00f6nderilebilir. Bu protokoller SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protokol), POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3), ve IMAP (Internet Mail Access Protocol)<\/strong> dur. POP3 ve IMAP birbirinin e\u015fleni\u011fi olup bir sunucuda bunlar\u0131n bir tanesi bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"e-mail<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protokol<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011f \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan e-posta haberle\u015fmelerinde e-postalar\u0131 g\u00f6nderebilmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan protokold\u00fcr. SMTP uygulama katman\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ba\u011flant\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirmeli (connection oriented)  text bazl\u0131 bir protokold\u00fcr. \u0130stemci taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen postalerin istemciden al\u0131n\u0131p hedef posta sunucusuna g\u00f6nderilmesinden sorumludur. \u0130stemci bilgisayar SMTP posta sunucusuna ba\u011flanarak gerekli kimlik bilgilerini g\u00f6nderir, kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r ve istemciden g\u00f6nderilen posta sunucuya iletilir. Posta daha sonra hedef sunucuya iletilir. SMTP protokol\u00fc normalde 25, g\u00fcvenli ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7in (SMTPs) 465 numaral\u0131 portu kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"send<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

POP3 Post Office Protocol<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

E-posta almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan protokold\u00fcr. \u0130stemci gelen e-postalar\u0131na ula\u015fmak istedi\u011finde sunucudan bu e-postalar\u0131n \u00e7ekilebilmesi i\u00e7in POP3 protokol\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Genelde tek bir cihazdan posta sunucusuna ba\u011flan\u0131lan durumlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stemci POP3 posta sunucusuna ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kimlik denetiminden sonra gelen t\u00fcm e postalar sunucu taraf\u0131ndan istemciye g\u00f6nderilir ve sunucudan silinir. \u0130stemci e\u011fer isterse offline olarak e postalar\u0131n\u0131 okuyabilir. Yine de e postan\u0131n bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 sunucuda b\u0131rak se\u00e7ene\u011fi ile ba\u015fka bir cihazdan ba\u011flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda e-postalar\u0131 tekrar indirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. POP3 protokol\u00fc normal ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7in 110, g\u00fcvenli ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7in (POP3s) 995 numaral\u0131 portu kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IMAP Internet Mail Access Protocol<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pop3 gibi e-posta almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir protokold\u00fcr. Pop3 ile aras\u0131ndaki temel fark Imap ile posta sunucusuna ba\u011flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sunucuda birikmi\u015f olan e-postalar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca ba\u015fl\u0131k bilgilerini istemciye getirir. Pop3 ise b\u00fct\u00fcn e-postalar\u0131 istemciye getirir. IMAP, TCP\/IP protokol\u00fc \u00fczerinde normal ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7in143, g\u00fcvenli ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7in (IMAPs) 993 numaral\u0131 portu kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MIME <\/strong>Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) g\u00f6nderilecek olan posta resim, ses, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc gibi eklentileri eklemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir internet standard\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\/MIME ise ekli mesaj\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde iletilmesini sa\u011flayan bir protokold\u00fcr. Say\u0131sal imza ve \u015fifreleme kullanarak posta kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n birbiriyle ileti\u015fimi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MX KAYDI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MX kayd\u0131 (Posta exchanger record)<\/strong> Alan Ad\u0131 Sistemi\u2019ndeki bir t\u00fcr kaynak kayd\u0131d\u0131r. Alan ad\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 e-postalarda (isim@firma.com) e-posta ileti\u015fimi sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in MX kayd\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n domaini taraf\u0131nda e-posta mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmekle sorumlu bir posta sunucusunu belirler.
– E\u011fer \u00e7ok say\u0131da posta sunucusu mevcutsa posta iletimini \u00f6nceliklendirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir tercih de\u011ferini belirler.
– Bir alan ad\u0131n\u0131n MX kay\u0131tlar\u0131, e-postan\u0131n SMTP ile ne \u015fekilde y\u00f6nlendirilece\u011fini belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spam Posta<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spam, herhangi bir kaynaktan binlerce e-posta adresine g\u00f6nderilen istenmeyen mesajlar\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir terimdir. Bue- postalar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi genelde ticaridir. Internet \u00fczerinde e-posta trafi\u011finin yava\u015flamas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SPF <\/strong>Sender Policy Framework<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

SPF (Sender Policy Framework), sahte e-postalar\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilen bir y\u00f6ntemdir. SPF direk olarak spam ya da junk posta\u2019leri durdurmakla ilgili de\u011fildir. Alan sahiplerine hangi posta kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yasal, hangilerinin de yasal olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemelerini sa\u011flar. SPF anti-spam de\u011fildir; sadece \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SPF, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda spamcilerin kanunsuz olarak binlerce e-posta g\u00f6nderebilmesi i\u00e7in hile yoluyla e-posta adresinizi kullanmas\u0131na veya \u00e7almas\u0131na imkan tan\u0131yan e-posta iletim sistemlerindeki a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blacklist<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spam e-postalar\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in e-posta servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015f olan IP adresini baz alan bir listedir. Bu listede olan bir IP adresinden g\u00f6nderilen posta kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n posta sunucusu taraf\u0131ndan otomatik olarak silinecektir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

E-posta g\u00f6ndermek ve almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan birka\u00e7 protokol vard\u0131r. \u0130stemci taraf\u0131nda hangi e-posta program\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa kullan\u0131ls\u0131n ancak bu protokoller vas\u0131tas\u0131yla e-posta al\u0131n\u0131p g\u00f6nderilebilir. Bu protokoller SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protokol), POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3), ve IMAP (Internet Mail Access Protocol) dur. POP3 ve IMAP birbirinin e\u015fleni\u011fi olup bir sunucuda bunlar\u0131n bir tanesi bulunur. SMTP …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[30,3489,65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ag","category-exchange","category-yazilim"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":966,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bilisimonline.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/List-of-email-protocols.png?fit=636%2C394","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7k56R-1xd","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5903"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5903"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5903\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5921,"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5903\/revisions\/5921"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bilisimonline.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}